It seems to go without saying that clinicians know best what to do for their patients, based on scientific evidence and their professional experience. But this common assumption is a prescription for poor health care. Instead, healthcare providers and their patients need to collaborate to determine the best course of medical action. These collaborations must be informed by easily understood evidence about the benefits and risks of specific tests and screening instruments. Patients thereby gain the opportunity to decide what they consider most important for their own health.
The authors of this book strongly recommend that health care be democratized, so that patients and clinicians collaborate on decisions guided by useful information about medical benefits and risks. To begin this process, they propose several concrete steps, reaching from health education, media reporting, and direct-to-consumer advertising to doctor's medical education and targeted research. More about the central results of the forum on which the book is based can be found in the forum's press release and leaflet about the book – or in the review of the German Network for Evidence Based Medicine.
Chapter Overview
Better Doctors, Better Patients, Better Decisions: Envisioning Health Care 2020
Health literacy: Is the Patient the Problem?
1 Launching the Century of the Patient – English Original Version
Gerd Gigerenzer and J. A. Muir Gray
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2 When Misinformed Patients Try to Make Informed Health Decisions
Wolfgang Gaissmaier and Gerd Gigerenzer
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3 Reducing Unwarranted Variation in Clinical Practice by Supporting Clinicians and Patients in Decision Making
Albert G. Mulley, Jr., and John E. Wennberg
4 Do Patients Want Shared Decision Making and How Is this Measured?
Martin Härter and Daniela Simon
Health Illiteracy: Roots in Research
5 Health Research Agendas and Funding
David E. Nelson
6 Reporting of Research: Are We in for Better Health Care by 2020?
Holger Schünemann, Davina Ghersi, Julia Kreis, Gerd Antes, and Jean Bousquet
7 Medical Journals Can be less Biased
J. A. Muir Gray
8 What Is Needed for Better Health Care: Better Systems, Better Patients or Both?
Markus A. Feufel, Gerd Antes, Johann Steurer, Gerd Gigerenzer, J.A. Muir Gray, Marjukka Mäkelä, Albert G. Mulley, Jr., David E. Nelson, Jay Schulkin, Holger Schünemann, John E. Wennberg, and Claudia Wild
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Health Illiteracy: Spread to the Public
9 Statistical Illiteracy in Doctors
Odette Wegwarth and Gerd Gigerenzer
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10 Statistical Illiteracy in Journalism: Are Its Days Numbered?
Bruce Bower
11 Improving Health Care Journalism
Holger Wormer
12 Barriers to Health Information and Building Solutions
Talya Miron-Shatz, Ingrid Mühlhauser, Bruce Bower, Michael Diefenbach, Ben Goldacre, Richard S. W. Smith, David Spiegelhalter, and Odette Wegwarth
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13 How Can Better Evidence Be Delivered?
Norbert Donner-Banzhoff, Hilda Bastian, Angela Coulter, Glyn Elwyn, Günther Jonitz, David Klemperer, and Wolf-Dieter Ludwig
14 The Drug Facts Box: Making Informed Decisions About Prescription Drugs Possible
Lisa M. Schwartz and Steven Woloshin
15 Reengineering Medical Education
David A. Davis
16 The Chasm Between Evidence and Practice: Extent, Causes, and Remedies
Richard S. W. Smith
17 The Future of Diagnostics: From Optimizing to Satisficing
Henry Brighton
18 Direct-to-Consumer Advertising: Status Quo and Suggestions to Enhance the Delivery of Independent Medication Information
Wolf-Dieter Ludwig and Gisela Schott
19 How Will Health Care Professionals and Patients Work Together in 2020? A Manifesto for Change
Ralph Hertwig, Heather Buchan, David A. Davis, Wolfgang Gaissmaier, Martin Härter, Kai Kolpatzik, France Légaré, Norbert Schmacke, and Holger Wormer
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